Environment & lifestyle
The lane
- Status
- Open. The evidence points both ways; no therapy has been tested to the end.
- Verdict
- Toxins and head injury raise risk; nicotine failed; exercise (SPARX3) is being tested.
- Family
- Body
- Landmarks
- 11 in this lane, 3 more tagged with it. Advanced 2 · Open 8 · Dead end 1
The verdict and status come from the project's branches.yaml and use research wording.
Landmarks in this lane
| Manganese parkinsonism in welders and miners | 1967–2013 | Discovery | Still being studied | – | – | 19 Oct 2026 | 4 |
| MPTP: a chemical that causes Parkinson's | 1983 | Discovery | Confirmed and built on | – | – | 19 Oct 2026 | 4 |
| Dieldrin and organochlorines in Parkinson's brains | 1994–2009 | Discovery | Still being studied | – | – | 19 Oct 2026 | 3 |
| Smoking and coffee: protective associations | 2000–2023 | Discovery | Did not hold up | – | – | 19 Oct 2026 | 2 |
| Sex differences in risk | 2004 | Discovery | Still being studied | – | – | 19 Oct 2026 | 4 |
| Pesticides and solvents linked to Parkinson's | 2011–2023 | Discovery | Still being studied | – | – | 19 Oct 2026 | 4 |
| Exercise: SPARX and SPARX3 | 2017–2026 | Trial in people | Mixed or early results | – | – | 19 Oct 2026 | 2 |
| Head injury raises Parkinson's risk | 2018 | Discovery | Still being studied | – | – | 20 Oct 2026 | 3 |
| Global Burden of Disease 2016 for Parkinson's | 2018 | Discovery | Confirmed and built on | – | – | 20 Oct 2026 | 2 |
| Air pollution and Parkinson's | 2019–2023 | Discovery | Still being studied | – | – | 20 Oct 2026 | 3 |
| Camp Lejeune solvent-water cohort | 2023 | Discovery | Still being studied | – | – | 20 Oct 2026 | 1 |
Also tagged with this lane
| Twin study: genes matter little after age 50 | 1999 | Discovery | Confirmed and built on | – | – | 19 Oct 2026 | 2 |
| Rotenone reproduces Parkinson's features in rats | 2000 | Research model | Confirmed and built on | – | – | 19 Oct 2026 | 3 |
| Mendelian randomisation: urate and BMI | 2014–2021 | Discovery | Did not hold up | – | – | 19 Oct 2026 | 1 |
Links with other lanes
Built on work from
- Mitochondria & energy: 2 links
- Foundations: 1 link
- Genetic architecture: 1 link
Led to work in
- Cell survival & anti-apoptosis: 4 links
- Mitochondria & energy: 2 links
- Selective vulnerability: 2 links
- Genetic architecture: 1 link
- Oxidative stress: 1 link