Inflammation & immunity
The lane
- Status
- Open. The evidence points both ways; no therapy has been tested to the end.
- Verdict
- Azathioprine (AZA-PD) failed; NLRP3 drugs are in patients (DAPA-PD due 2027); adalimumab is being tested for prevention in REM sleep disorder (PRISMS, 2029).
- Family
- Body
- Landmarks
- 23 in this lane, 5 more tagged with it. Open 16 · Pending 4 · Dead end 3
The verdict and status come from the project's branches.yaml and use research wording.
Landmarks in this lane
| Inflammation in the Parkinson's nigra | 1988 | Discovery | Still being studied | – | – | 19 Oct 2026 | 2 |
| Ibuprofen and lower Parkinson's risk | 2003–2011 | Discovery | Still being studied | – | – | 19 Oct 2026 | 3 |
| PET shows microglial activation in life | 2006 | Research tool | Still being studied | – | – | 19 Oct 2026 | 3 |
| HLA-DR region GWAS signal | 2010 | Discovery | Still being studied | – | – | 19 Oct 2026 | 3 |
| Sargramostim boosts regulatory T cells | 2015–2021 | Trial in people | Mixed or early results | – | – | 19 Oct 2026 | 3 |
| T cells recognise synuclein | 2017 | Discovery | Still being studied | – | – | 20 Oct 2026 | 3 |
| Microglia can turn astrocytes toxic | 2017–2018 | Discovery | Still being studied | – | – | 19 Oct 2026 | 2 |
| Parkin/PINK1–STING paper retracted | 2018 | Discovery | Did not hold up | – | – | 19 Oct 2026 | 2 |
| NLRP3 inflammasome | 2018 | Discovery | Still being studied | – | – | 20 Oct 2026 | 5 |
| IBD, anti-TNF drugs and LRRK2 | 2018 | Discovery | Still being studied | – | – | 20 Oct 2026 | 3 |
| GRF6021 plasma fraction | 2018–2021 | Trial in people | Mixed or early results | 2 | 79 | 19 Oct 2026 | 4 |
| Gut infection in PINK1-knockout mice | 2019 | Discovery | Still being studied | – | – | 20 Oct 2026 | 3 |
| AZA-PD azathioprine | 2020–2026 | Trial in people | Did not work | 2 | 66 | 19 Oct 2026 | 4 |
| AKST4290 (TEAL) | 2020–2021 | Trial in people | Did not work | 2 | 110 | 19 Oct 2026 | 4 |
| Synuclein T cells highest near diagnosis | 2020 | Discovery | Still being studied | – | – | 20 Oct 2026 | 3 |
| Single-cell map of the Parkinson's midbrain | 2022 | Discovery | Still being studied | – | – | 20 Oct 2026 | 2 |
| VTX3232 (NLRP3 inhibitor) | 2024–2025 | Trial in people | Mixed or early results | 2 | 11 | 19 Oct 2026 | 6 |
| VENT-02 (NLRP3) | 2025 | Trial in people | Mixed or early results | 1 | 29 | 19 Oct 2026 | 3 |
| BHV-8000 (TYK2/JAK1 inhibitor) | 2025–2027 | Trial in people | Result due Aug 2027 | 3 | 550 | 19 Oct 2026 | 3 |
| TB006 (galectin-3 antibody) | 2025–2026 | Trial in people | Result due Nov 2026 | 2 | 62 | 19 Oct 2026 | 3 |
| Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ-PD) | 2025–2027 | Trial in people | Mixed or early results | 2 | 40 | 22 Oct 2026 | 3 |
| DAPA-PD (dapansutrile) | 2026–2027 | Trial in people | Result due May 2027 | 2 | 36 | 18 Oct 2026 | 3 |
| RO7568282 (TARBELA-PD, NLRP3) | 2026–2028 | Trial in people | Result due Dec 2028 | 2 | 474 | 19 Oct 2026 | 4 |
Also tagged with this lane
| Mitochondrial-derived vesicles | 2012–2016 | Discovery | Still being studied | – | – | 19 Oct 2026 | 3 |
| Gut microbes and synuclein mice | 2016 | Discovery | Still being studied | – | – | 20 Oct 2026 | 2 |
| Simvastatin (PD STAT) | 2022 | Trial in people | Did not work | – | 235 | 19 Oct 2026 | 2 |
| NLY01 Phase 2 | 2023 | Trial in people | Did not work | 2 | 255 | 19 Oct 2026 | 5 |
| PRISMS: adalimumab in RBD | 2026–2029 | Trial in people | Result due Aug 2029 | 2 | 108 | 18 Oct 2026 | 3 |
Links with other lanes
Built on work from
- Mitochondria & energy: 4 links
- Synuclein misfolding & spread: 3 links
- Foundations: 1 link
- LRRK2: 1 link
Led to work in
- Metabolic drug repurposing: 1 link
- Gut–brain origin: 1 link